New Aberfoyle

: The Underground City

THE old overman's experiment had succeeded. Firedamp, it is well known,

is only generated in coal seams; therefore the existence of a vein of

precious combustible could no longer be doubted. As to its size and

quality, that must be determined later.



"Yes," thought James Starr, "behind that wall lies a carboniferous bed,

undiscovered by our soundings. It is vexatious that all the apparatus

of the mine, des
rted for ten years, must be set up anew. Never mind. We

have found the vein which was thought to be exhausted, and this time it

shall be worked to the end!"



"Well, Mr. Starr," asked Ford, "what do you think of our discovery? Was

I wrong to trouble you? Are you sorry to have paid this visit to the

Dochart pit?"



"No, no, my old friend!" answered Starr. "We have not lost our time;

but we shall be losing it now, if we do not return immediately to the

cottage. To-morrow we will come back here. We will blast this wall

with dynamite. We will lay open the new vein, and after a series of

soundings, if the seam appears to be large, I will form a new Aberfoyle

Company, to the great satisfaction of the old shareholders. Before three

months have passed, the first corves full of coal will have been taken

from the new vein."



"Well said, sir!" cried Simon Ford. "The old mine will grow young again,

like a widow who remarries! The bustle of the old days will soon begin

with the blows of the pick, and mattock, blasts of powder, rumbling of

wagons, neighing of horses, creaking of machines! I shall see it all

again! I hope, Mr. Starr, that you will not think me too old to resume

my duties of overman?"



"No, Simon, no indeed! You wear better than I do, my old friend!"



"And, sir, you shall be our viewer again. May the new working last

for many years, and pray Heaven I shall have the consolation of dying

without seeing the end of it!"



The old miner was overflowing with joy. James Starr fully entered into

it; but he let Ford rave for them both. Harry alone remained thoughtful.

To his memory recurred the succession of singular, inexplicable

circumstances attending the discovery of the new bed. It made him uneasy

about the future.



An hour afterwards, James Starr and his two companions were back in

the cottage. The engineer supped with good appetite, listening with

satisfaction to all the plans unfolded by the old overman; and had it

not been for his excitement about the next day's work, he would never

have slept better than in the perfect stillness of the cottage.



The following day, after a substantial breakfast, James Starr, Simon

Ford, Harry, and even Madge herself, took the road already traversed

the day before. All looked like regular miners. They carried different

tools, and some dynamite with which to blast the rock. Harry, besides a

large lantern, took a safety lamp, which would burn for twelve hours.

It was more than was necessary for the journey there and back, including

the time for the working--supposing a working was possible.



"To work! to work!" shouted Ford, when the party reached the further end

of the passage; and he grasped a heavy crowbar and brandished it.



"Stop one instant," said Starr. "Let us see if any change has taken

place, and if the fire-damp still escapes through the crevices."



"You are right, Mr. Starr," said Harry. "Whoever stopped it up yesterday

may have done it again to-day!"



Madge, seated on a rock, carefully observed the excavation, and the wall

which was to be blasted.



It was found that everything was just as they left it. The crevices

had undergone no alteration; the carburetted hydrogen still filtered

through, though in a small stream, which was no doubt because it had had

a free passage since the day before. As the quantity was so small, it

could not have formed an explosive mixture with the air inside. James

Starr and his companions could therefore proceed in security. Besides,

the air grew purer by rising to the heights of the Dochart pit; and the

fire-damp, spreading through the atmosphere, would not be strong enough

to make any explosion.



"To work, then!" repeated Ford; and soon the rock flew in splinters

under his skillful blows. The break was chiefly composed of

pudding-stone, interspersed with sandstone and schist, such as is most

often met with between the coal veins. James Starr picked up some of the

pieces, and examined them carefully, hoping to discover some trace of

coal.



Starr having chosen the place where the holes were to be drilled, they

were rapidly bored by Harry. Some cartridges of dynamite were put into

them. As soon as the long, tarred safety match was laid, it was lighted

on a level with the ground. James Starr and his companions then went off

to some distance.



"Oh! Mr. Starr," said Simon Ford, a prey to agitation, which he did not

attempt to conceal, "never, no, never has my old heart beaten so quick

before! I am longing to get at the vein!"



"Patience, Simon!" responded the engineer. "You don't mean to say that

you think you are going to find a passage all ready open behind that

dyke?"



"Excuse me, sir," answered the old overman; "but of course I think so!

If there was good luck in the way Harry and I discovered this place, why

shouldn't the good luck go on?"



As he spoke, came the explosion. A sound as of thunder rolled through

the labyrinth of subterranean galleries. Starr, Madge, Harry, and Simon

Ford hastened towards the spot.



"Mr. Starr! Mr. Starr!" shouted the overman. "Look! the door is broken

open!"



Ford's comparison was justified by the appearance of an excavation,

the depth of which could not be calculated. Harry was about to spring

through the opening; but the engineer, though excessively surprised to

find this cavity, held him back. "Allow time for the air in there to get

pure," said he.



"Yes! beware of the foul air!" said Simon.



A quarter of an hour was passed in anxious waiting. The lantern was then

fastened to the end of a stick, and introduced into the cave, where it

continued to burn with unaltered brilliancy. "Now then, Harry, go," said

Starr, "and we will follow you."



The opening made by the dynamite was sufficiently large to allow a

man to pass through. Harry, lamp in hand, entered unhesitatingly, and

disappeared in the darkness. His father, mother, and James Starr waited

in silence. A minute--which seemed to them much longer--passed. Harry

did not reappear, did not call. Gazing into the opening, James

Starr could not even see the light of his lamp, which ought to have

illuminated the dark cavern.



Had the ground suddenly given way under Harry's feet? Had the young

miner fallen into some crevice? Could his voice no longer reach his

companions?



The old overman, dead to their remonstrances, was about to enter the

opening, when a light appeared, dim at first, but gradually growing

brighter, and Harry's voice was heard shouting, "Come, Mr. Starr! come,

father! The road to New Aberfoyle is open!"



If, by some superhuman power, engineers could have raised in a block,

a thousand feet thick, all that portion of the terrestrial crust which

supports the lakes, rivers, gulfs, and territories of the counties of

Stirling, Dumbarton, and Renfrew, they would have found, under that

enormous lid, an immense excavation, to which but one other in the

world can be compared--the celebrated Mammoth caves of Kentucky. This

excavation was composed of several hundred divisions of all sizes and

shapes. It might be called a hive with numberless ranges of cells,

capriciously arranged, but a hive on a vast scale, and which, instead

of bees, might have lodged all the ichthyosauri, megatheriums, and

pterodactyles of the geological epoch.



A labyrinth of galleries, some higher than the most lofty cathedrals,

others like cloisters, narrow and winding--these following a

horizontal line, those on an incline or running obliquely in all

directions--connected the caverns and allowed free communication between

them.



The pillars sustaining the vaulted roofs, whose curves allowed of every

style, the massive walls between the passages, the naves themselves

in this layer of secondary formation, were composed of sandstone and

schistous rocks. But tightly packed between these useless strata ran

valuable veins of coal, as if the black blood of this strange mine had

circulated through their tangled network. These fields extended forty

miles north and south, and stretched even under the Caledonian

Canal. The importance of this bed could not be calculated until

after soundings, but it would certainly surpass those of Cardiff and

Newcastle.



We may add that the working of this mine would be singularly facilitated

by the fantastic dispositions of the secondary earths; for by an

unaccountable retreat of the mineral matter at the geological epoch,

when the mass was solidifying, nature had already multiplied the

galleries and tunnels of New Aberfoyle.



Yes, nature alone! It might at first have been supposed that some works

abandoned for centuries had been discovered afresh. Nothing of the sort.

No one would have deserted such riches. Human termites had never gnawed

away this part of the Scottish subsoil; nature herself had done it

all. But, we repeat, it could be compared to nothing but the celebrated

Mammoth caves, which, in an extent of more than twenty miles, contain

two hundred and twenty-six avenues, eleven lakes, seven rivers, eight

cataracts, thirty-two unfathomable wells, and fifty-seven domes, some

of which are more than four hundred and fifty feet in height. Like

these caves, New Aberfoyle was not the work of men, but the work of the

Creator.



Such was this new domain, of matchless wealth, the discovery of which

belonged entirely to the old overman. Ten years' sojourn in the deserted

mine, an uncommon pertinacity in research, perfect faith, sustained by

a marvelous mining instinct--all these qualities together led him to

succeed where so many others had failed. Why had the soundings made

under the direction of James Starr during the last years of the working

stopped just at that limit, on the very frontier of the new mine? That

was all chance, which takes great part in researches of this kind.



However that might be, there was, under the Scottish subsoil, what might

be called a subterranean county, which, to be habitable, needed only the

rays of the sun, or, for want of that, the light of a special planet.



Water had collected in various hollows, forming vast ponds, or rather

lakes larger than Loch Katrine, lying just above them. Of course the

waters of these lakes had no movement of currents or tides; no old

castle was reflected there; no birch or oak trees waved on their banks.

And yet these deep lakes, whose mirror-like surface was never ruffled by

a breeze, would not be without charm by the light of some electric star,

and, connected by a string of canals, would well complete the geography

of this strange domain.



Although unfit for any vegetable production, the place could be

inhabited by a whole population. And who knows but that in this steady

temperature, in the depths of the mines of Aberfoyle, as well as in

those of Newcastle, Alloa, or Cardiff--when their contents shall have

been exhausted--who knows but that the poorer classes of Great Britain

will some day find a refuge?



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