The Submarine Coal-mines

: PART TWO

The next day, the 20th of February, I awoke very late: the fatigues of

the previous night had prolonged my sleep until eleven o'clock. I

dressed quickly, and hastened to find the course the Nautilus was

taking. The instruments showed it to be still toward the south, with a

speed of twenty miles an hour and a depth of fifty fathoms.



The species of fishes here did not differ much from those already

notice . There were rays of giant size, five yards long, and endowed

with great muscular strength, which enabled them to shoot above the

waves; sharks of many kinds; amongst others, one fifteen feet long,

with triangular sharp teeth, and whose transparency rendered it almost

invisible in the water.



Amongst bony fish Conseil noticed some about three yards long, armed at

the upper jaw with a piercing sword; other bright-coloured creatures,

known in the time of Aristotle by the name of the sea-dragon, which are

dangerous to capture on account of the spikes on their back.



About four o'clock, the soil, generally composed of a thick mud mixed

with petrified wood, changed by degrees, and it became more stony, and

seemed strewn with conglomerate and pieces of basalt, with a sprinkling

of lava. I thought that a mountainous region was succeeding the long

plains; and accordingly, after a few evolutions of the Nautilus, I saw

the southerly horizon blocked by a high wall which seemed to close all

exit. Its summit evidently passed the level of the ocean. It must be

a continent, or at least an island--one of the Canaries, or of the Cape

Verde Islands. The bearings not being yet taken, perhaps designedly, I

was ignorant of our exact position. In any case, such a wall seemed to

me to mark the limits of that Atlantis, of which we had in reality

passed over only the smallest part.



Much longer should I have remained at the window admiring the beauties

of sea and sky, but the panels closed. At this moment the Nautilus

arrived at the side of this high, perpendicular wall. What it would

do, I could not guess. I returned to my room; it no longer moved. I

laid myself down with the full intention of waking after a few hours'

sleep; but it was eight o'clock the next day when I entered the saloon.

I looked at the manometer. It told me that the Nautilus was floating

on the surface of the ocean. Besides, I heard steps on the platform.

I went to the panel. It was open; but, instead of broad daylight, as I

expected, I was surrounded by profound darkness. Where were we? Was I

mistaken? Was it still night? No; not a star was shining and night

has not that utter darkness.



I knew not what to think, when a voice near me said:



"Is that you, Professor?"



"Ah! Captain," I answered, "where are we?"



"Underground, sir."



"Underground!" I exclaimed. "And the Nautilus floating still?"



"It always floats."



"But I do not understand."



"Wait a few minutes, our lantern will be lit, and, if you like light

places, you will be satisfied."



I stood on the platform and waited. The darkness was so complete that

I could not even see Captain Nemo; but, looking to the zenith, exactly

above my head, I seemed to catch an undecided gleam, a kind of twilight

filling a circular hole. At this instant the lantern was lit, and its

vividness dispelled the faint light. I closed my dazzled eyes for an

instant, and then looked again. The Nautilus was stationary, floating

near a mountain which formed a sort of quay. The lake, then,

supporting it was a lake imprisoned by a circle of walls, measuring two

miles in diameter and six in circumference. Its level (the manometer

showed) could only be the same as the outside level, for there must

necessarily be a communication between the lake and the sea. The high

partitions, leaning forward on their base, grew into a vaulted roof

bearing the shape of an immense funnel turned upside down, the height

being about five or six hundred yards. At the summit was a circular

orifice, by which I had caught the slight gleam of light, evidently

daylight.



"Where are we?" I asked.



"In the very heart of an extinct volcano, the interior of which has

been invaded by the sea, after some great convulsion of the earth.

Whilst you were sleeping, Professor, the Nautilus penetrated to this

lagoon by a natural canal, which opens about ten yards beneath the

surface of the ocean. This is its harbour of refuge, a sure,

commodious, and mysterious one, sheltered from all gales. Show me, if

you can, on the coasts of any of your continents or islands, a road

which can give such perfect refuge from all storms."



"Certainly," I replied, "you are in safety here, Captain Nemo. Who

could reach you in the heart of a volcano? But did I not see an

opening at its summit?"



"Yes; its crater, formerly filled with lava, vapour, and flames, and

which now gives entrance to the life-giving air we breathe."



"But what is this volcanic mountain?"



"It belongs to one of the numerous islands with which this sea is

strewn--to vessels a simple sandbank--to us an immense cavern. Chance

led me to discover it, and chance served me well."



"But of what use is this refuge, Captain? The Nautilus wants no port."



"No, sir; but it wants electricity to make it move, and the wherewithal

to make the electricity--sodium to feed the elements, coal from which

to get the sodium, and a coal-mine to supply the coal. And exactly on

this spot the sea covers entire forests embedded during the geological

periods, now mineralised and transformed into coal; for me they are an

inexhaustible mine."



"Your men follow the trade of miners here, then, Captain?"



"Exactly so. These mines extend under the waves like the mines of

Newcastle. Here, in their diving-dresses, pick axe and shovel in hand,

my men extract the coal, which I do not even ask from the mines of the

earth. When I burn this combustible for the manufacture of sodium, the

smoke, escaping from the crater of the mountain, gives it the

appearance of a still-active volcano."



"And we shall see your companions at work?"



"No; not this time at least; for I am in a hurry to continue our

submarine tour of the earth. So I shall content myself with drawing

from the reserve of sodium I already possess. The time for loading is

one day only, and we continue our voyage. So, if you wish to go over

the cavern and make the round of the lagoon, you must take advantage of

to-day, M. Aronnax."



I thanked the Captain and went to look for my companions, who had not

yet left their cabin. I invited them to follow me without saying where

we were. They mounted the platform. Conseil, who was astonished at

nothing, seemed to look upon it as quite natural that he should wake

under a mountain, after having fallen asleep under the waves. But Ned

Land thought of nothing but finding whether the cavern had any exit.

After breakfast, about ten o'clock, we went down on to the mountain.



"Here we are, once more on land," said Conseil.



"I do not call this land," said the Canadian. "And besides, we are not

on it, but beneath it."



Between the walls of the mountains and the waters of the lake lay a

sandy shore which, at its greatest breadth, measured five hundred feet.

On this soil one might easily make the tour of the lake. But the base

of the high partitions was stony ground, with volcanic locks and

enormous pumice-stones lying in picturesque heaps. All these detached

masses, covered with enamel, polished by the action of the

subterraneous fires, shone resplendent by the light of our electric

lantern. The mica dust from the shore, rising under our feet, flew

like a cloud of sparks. The bottom now rose sensibly, and we soon

arrived at long circuitous slopes, or inclined planes, which took us

higher by degrees; but we were obliged to walk carefully among these

conglomerates, bound by no cement, the feet slipping on the glassy

crystal, felspar, and quartz.



The volcanic nature of this enormous excavation was confirmed on all

sides, and I pointed it out to my companions.



"Picture to yourselves," said I, "what this crater must have been when

filled with boiling lava, and when the level of the incandescent liquid

rose to the orifice of the mountain, as though melted on the top of a

hot plate."



"I can picture it perfectly," said Conseil. "But, sir, will you tell

me why the Great Architect has suspended operations, and how it is that

the furnace is replaced by the quiet waters of the lake?"



"Most probably, Conseil, because some convulsion beneath the ocean

produced that very opening which has served as a passage for the

Nautilus. Then the waters of the Atlantic rushed into the interior of

the mountain. There must have been a terrible struggle between the two

elements, a struggle which ended in the victory of Neptune. But many

ages have run out since then, and the submerged volcano is now a

peaceable grotto."



"Very well," replied Ned Land; "I accept the explanation, sir; but, in

our own interests, I regret that the opening of which you speak was not

made above the level of the sea."



"But, friend Ned," said Conseil, "if the passage had not been under the

sea, the Nautilus could not have gone through it."



We continued ascending. The steps became more and more perpendicular

and narrow. Deep excavations, which we were obliged to cross, cut them

here and there; sloping masses had to be turned. We slid upon our

knees and crawled along. But Conseil's dexterity and the Canadian's

strength surmounted all obstacles. At a height of about 31 feet the

nature of the ground changed without becoming more practicable. To the

conglomerate and trachyte succeeded black basalt, the first dispread in

layers full of bubbles, the latter forming regular prisms, placed like

a colonnade supporting the spring of the immense vault, an admirable

specimen of natural architecture. Between the blocks of basalt wound

long streams of lava, long since grown cold, encrusted with bituminous

rays; and in some places there were spread large carpets of sulphur. A

more powerful light shone through the upper crater, shedding a vague

glimmer over these volcanic depressions for ever buried in the bosom of

this extinguished mountain. But our upward march was soon stopped at a

height of about two hundred and fifty feet by impassable obstacles.

There was a complete vaulted arch overhanging us, and our ascent was

changed to a circular walk. At the last change vegetable life began to

struggle with the mineral. Some shrubs, and even some trees, grew from

the fractures of the walls. I recognised some euphorbias, with the

caustic sugar coming from them; heliotropes, quite incapable of

justifying their name, sadly drooped their clusters of flowers, both

their colour and perfume half gone. Here and there some chrysanthemums

grew timidly at the foot of an aloe with long, sickly-looking leaves.

But between the streams of lava, I saw some little violets still

slightly perfumed, and I admit that I smelt them with delight. Perfume

is the soul of the flower, and sea-flowers have no soul.



We had arrived at the foot of some sturdy dragon-trees, which had

pushed aside the rocks with their strong roots, when Ned Land exclaimed:



"Ah! sir, a hive! a hive!"



"A hive!" I replied, with a gesture of incredulity.



"Yes, a hive," repeated the Canadian, "and bees humming round it."



I approached, and was bound to believe my own eyes. There at a hole

bored in one of the dragon-trees were some thousands of these ingenious

insects, so common in all the Canaries, and whose produce is so much

esteemed. Naturally enough, the Canadian wished to gather the honey,

and I could not well oppose his wish. A quantity of dry leaves, mixed

with sulphur, he lit with a spark from his flint, and he began to smoke

out the bees. The humming ceased by degrees, and the hive eventually

yielded several pounds of the sweetest honey, with which Ned Land

filled his haversack.



"When I have mixed this honey with the paste of the bread-fruit," said

he, "I shall be able to offer you a succulent cake."



[Transcriber's Note: 'bread-fruit' has been substituted for

'artocarpus' in this ed.]



"'Pon my word," said Conseil, "it will be gingerbread."



"Never mind the gingerbread," said I; "let us continue our interesting

walk."



At every turn of the path we were following, the lake appeared in all

its length and breadth. The lantern lit up the whole of its peaceable

surface, which knew neither ripple nor wave. The Nautilus remained

perfectly immovable. On the platform, and on the mountain, the ship's

crew were working like black shadows clearly carved against the

luminous atmosphere. We were now going round the highest crest of the

first layers of rock which upheld the roof. I then saw that bees were

not the only representatives of the animal kingdom in the interior of

this volcano. Birds of prey hovered here and there in the shadows, or

fled from their nests on the top of the rocks. There were sparrow

hawks, with white breasts, and kestrels, and down the slopes scampered,

with their long legs, several fine fat bustards. I leave anyone to

imagine the covetousness of the Canadian at the sight of this savoury

game, and whether he did not regret having no gun. But he did his best

to replace the lead by stones, and, after several fruitless attempts,

he succeeded in wounding a magnificent bird. To say that he risked his

life twenty times before reaching it is but the truth; but he managed

so well that the creature joined the honey-cakes in his bag. We were

now obliged to descend toward the shore, the crest becoming

impracticable. Above us the crater seemed to gape like the mouth of a

well. From this place the sky could be clearly seen, and clouds,

dissipated by the west wind, leaving behind them, even on the summit of

the mountain, their misty remnants--certain proof that they were only

moderately high, for the volcano did not rise more than eight hundred

feet above the level of the ocean. Half an hour after the Canadian's

last exploit we had regained the inner shore. Here the flora was

represented by large carpets of marine crystal, a little umbelliferous

plant very good to pickle, which also bears the name of pierce-stone

and sea-fennel. Conseil gathered some bundles of it. As to the fauna,

it might be counted by thousands of crustacea of all sorts, lobsters,

crabs, spider-crabs, chameleon shrimps, and a large number of shells,

rockfish, and limpets. Three-quarters of an hour later we had finished

our circuitous walk and were on board. The crew had just finished

loading the sodium, and the Nautilus could have left that instant. But

Captain Nemo gave no order. Did he wish to wait until night, and leave

the submarine passage secretly? Perhaps so. Whatever it might be, the

next day, the Nautilus, having left its port, steered clear of all land

at a few yards beneath the waves of the Atlantic.