The Mystery Of A Minus Weight

: Other World Life

It was the doctor himself who gave the name Space Fever (now so

generally adopted) to the peculiar malady from which he suffered in that

long period when weight was very slight or nothing at all. A little

reflection on the physiological bearings of the conditions we were

passing through, will serve to explain the illness.



For the period of a month, owing to the impossibility of effort, there

was scarcely
ny wasting of our bodily tissues, and very little need for

oxydization of the blood. The limbs, which the heart really works

hardest to serve, did scarcely any labour and needed very little blood.

But the heart had its stubborn habits the same as the other muscles. It

is a high-pressure engine, and there is no way of slowing it down

materially. It kept up its vigorous pumping and driving just as if the

great muscles of the limbs had wasted and needed building up, and just

as if it had the task of forcing the blood through those parts of the

body usually compressed by its weight or strained by the effort of

carrying it. The result was much the same as if your heart now should

suddenly begin to beat much too fast, the blood was heated into a state

of fever, which naturally increased as we lost weight, culminated at the

dead-line and began decreasing as soon as we commenced having a weight

toward Mars. It was only my fortunate invention of a method of exercise,

and my religious adherence to it, which saved me from a similar attack.



But many things happened before the doctor recovered consciousness. The

Moon had re-appeared on the other side of the Earth-spot, the light

about us had grown less dazzling than sunlight on Earth, and the

temperature had fallen to four degrees. It was perhaps two days after

passing the dead-line that, as I was gazing carefully out of the forward

window, I saw far to the right of us a large circular patch of faintly

redder light in the general curtain of white. Its size quite startled

me, for it was rather larger than a full moon, and I had expected Mars

to re-appear as a very bright star before we could distinguish any disc

with the naked eye. This misapprehension probably arose from the fact

that I had thought the dead-line about half way between the two planets,

which upon reflection I saw to be impossible, as it must be much nearer

the smaller planet.



The outline of the planet was not clearly visible yet, but I could not

have missed seeing that red glow long before, had it been more directly

in front of us. Evidently we were steering much ahead of the planet,

which indicated that we were arriving before opposition. I immediately

changed our course so as to go more nearly toward it, but yet to keep a

little ahead. Then I hastily brought the telescope back to the forward

compartment, which was now the bottom of the projectile. The lenses

easily pierced the curtain of light that seemed to be hung in front of

the new planet, and I could distinguish the outline of the greatly

magnified orb very clearly.



Judging from appearances, it could not be farther from us than twice the

distance of the Moon from the Earth. I resorted to the scales at once,

and found that weight was beginning slowly to return, for I weighed a

little less than an ounce. From a rule the doctor had explained to me, I

calculated that this indicated a distance from the planet of about four

hundred thousand miles, if it really was Mars. But I had some doubts

about its really being that planet; for a clear white, irregular-shaped

spot upon it, which I had noticed as soon as the telescope was focussed,



did not appear to move at all, as it should have done had it been upon a

rotating planet. Upon closer observation, I detected a dull, greenish

spot, just coming upon the lower edge. But when I looked again a bright

white and perfectly circular spot had appeared in the same place and

covered it up. But this new white spot travelled much more rapidly, and

soon uncovered the greenish spot, which seemed to move in the same path,

but much more slowly. This was something I could not understand. The

white circle was too bright and regular to be a cloud, yet if they were

both on the surface how could one travel faster over the same path?



Very soon the white circle passed entirely across the greater orb, and

then I was surprised to see it detach itself from the planet and remain

for a few moments as a separate small orb in the sky! Could this be

another freak of refraction? But before I could determine, the little

orb disappeared behind the greater disc and was gone. The greenish spot,

which I judged to be truly on the surface and caused by an ocean or

great sea, was about three times as long in crossing the disc. I next

turned my attention to the immovable and irregular white spot, and

discovered that its edges seemed to be revolving slowly around its

centre. Then it occurred to me that this spot must be located at one of

the poles and be caused by polar ice and snows. The doctor had expected

such on Mars, and I no longer doubted that this was our objective

planet.



It was like a great holiday for me when the doctor regained

consciousness. Almost as soon as his fever abated he was well enough to

perform his customary duties. His illness had not made him appreciably

weak, because as yet scarcely any effort was required to move about. He

was quite as anxious to hear all my experiences as I was eager to

relate them. I gave him a full account of my struggle passing the

dead-line, of my discovery of Mars, and the various spots I had noted.



"From the time it took the greenish spot to cross, I should judge a

Martian day to be about fifty hours long," I said.



"Then you must have been very lonely," he replied. "For a Martian day

is just forty-one minutes longer than an Earthly day, unless a great

number of our scientists have continually made the same mistake in

observing him."



"When we arrive, we shall be able to determine the point exactly if our

watches commence running again," I answered. "But I think I know one

reason why I have misjudged the time. Ever since you have been ill I

have slept very little. I have hardly felt the need of rest since I lost

my weight. I have been growing more and more wakeful, and I rarely sleep

more than an hour at a time. That seems quite sufficient to refresh me."



"As we regain our weight we shall feel the need of sleep again," he

said. "But on Mars we may need but one-third as much as we had on Earth,

unless we exert ourselves proportionately more."



Then I told him about the circular spot which had seemed to slip off the

upper edge of Mars, and asked his explanation of it.



"That must have been Phobos, one of the moons of Mars," he said.



"One of his moons!" I exclaimed; "I didn't know he had any."



"You are an American, and say that!" he answered in surprise. "It is one

of the astronomical glories of your people that they discovered the two

moons of Mars, during the favourable opposition of 1877."



"This is the first case I remember where we have left it to a foreigner

to tell us how great we have been!" I laughed.



"These two moons of Mars also furnish a most interesting example of how

fiction may forestall and pre-figure actual scientific discovery. Dr.

Swift made Gulliver, in his wonderful travels, discover two moons of

Mars, revolving at a speed which he must have thought ridiculously fast.

Many years afterward the American telescopes really found two moons, but

actually revolving more rapidly than Dr. Swift had dared to boast! If

your white circle was really Phobos, you have seen the freak among

satellites. She is the smallest, swiftest moon ever discovered, and

travels so much more swiftly than the revolution of her primary that she

appears to go opposite to everything else in the Martian sky, rising

where the Sun sets and crossing the heavens from west to east!"



"What I saw did travel in the same direction as the rotation of the

planet, and much more rapidly," I exclaimed.



"Then it was Phobos without a doubt, and she is due to appear again in

the west in three hours and fifty minutes after she sets in the east. We

must watch closely, for I wish to land upon her and make a flying trip

all around Mars with her. Do you realize what a glorious view we shall

have of the great planet, sailing around him on this satellite in a

period of a little over seven and a half hours, and at a distance of

only about four thousand miles? There will be no night, for if one side

of the little moon is heavier than the other, the heavier side will

always be turned toward Mars. Therefore, when the Sun does not shine on

Phobos, Mars will do so, and keep her continually illuminated, except

for the brief period of the regular eclipse during each revolution. And

one-fourth of the entire heavens, as seen from Phobos, will be filled

with the glowing orb of Mars! The great planet will exhibit to us at a

near range all the configurations of his surface, his oceans and his

clouds. We will survey and photograph him to our hearts' content."



The doctor was justly enthusiastic on this subject, and I felt that such

a landing would, in some measure, compensate for my disappointment in

not being able to visit the Moon.



As I watched carefully, the satellite finally came into view, but very

much more distant from Mars than before. Also, it moved very slowly now,

and seemed to grow larger as it approached the disc. I pointed it out to

the doctor, and remarked that it was acting quite differently. Just as

it entered upon the orb of Mars, another moon, somewhat smaller, mounted

hurriedly from the under side of the planet and began hastily ploughing

her way over the ruddy disc.



"That last one is the one I saw before, that is my Phobos!" I cried

excitedly.



"Then the other slow one is Deimos, the outer moon. She appears the

larger to us now, because her greater distance from Mars makes her

nearer to us, but she appears to the Martians as the smaller. We must

observe closely, and we may discover some new and lesser satellites

which Earthly telescopes have never found."



"Time enough for that when we land on Mars," I answered. "If we get in

past these two without being hit, I shall be satisfied. You dare not

venture in front of that Phobos, and I don't see how you can ever

overtake her if you approach from behind."



"That reminds me to slacken speed, for we must be getting very near," he

said. "Please weigh yourself every few minutes and note your increasing

weight. You should weigh seventy-two pounds on Mars, and eight pounds at

the distance of Phobos."



He immediately reversed currents, and when I reported that I weighed

almost a pound, it frightened him, and he turned in the full power of

the negative currents to overcome our momentum. And it proved that the

repelling power of Mars at the distance of 15,000 miles, which this

indicated, was not at all strong against the great velocity we had been

daily acquiring. I hung upon the scales every few minutes, and reported

a steadily increasing weight up to three pounds.



"That shows a distance of eight thousand miles," he figured. "Almost

exactly in the orbit of Deimos, but she has safely passed, and will not

return for thirty hours. We must turn the rudder hard over to the right,

and sail around the planet in a circle until Phobos overtakes us; then,

if we approach her travelling in the same direction at almost the same

rate of speed, her gravitational attraction will pick us up and draw us

safely ashore."



Mars was already an enormous orb ahead of us, and many of his features,

such as oceans, ice-caps, and continents, could easily be distinguished;

but we paid little attention to them, being occupied with making a safe

landing on Phobos, and expecting to make a systematic study of him from

there.



"We must not attempt a landing on the outer side of the satellite," the

doctor reflected, "for we should have no way of getting around to the

inner side to make our observations. We must go within her orbit, and

then as she comes past allow her attraction to draw us gently toward

her."



We had quickly overtaken and passed Deimos, far within her orbit. I was

keeping a close watch for Phobos out of the rear window as we circled

about Mars at a distance which we calculated, from my weight on the

scales, must be within the path of the satellite. We were circling in

the same direction that the great planet was rotating, and yet we passed

by things on his surface, which proved that we were travelling faster

than his rotation. The doctor noticed, with his telescope, a brilliant

snow-capped peak of a great mountain towering up from a small island.

The contrast of the snow peak, with the darkish green waters all around

it, was the most pronounced thing visible on the great planet, and he

decided this must be the white spot detached from the polar ice which

our astronomers have frequently observed at about twenty-five degrees

south latitude, and to which they have given the name Hall's Island.



"I am afraid we have not appreciated the speed at which we have been

travelling," remarked the doctor. "Phobos is very slow in overtaking

us;" and he was just beginning to slacken speed still more, when he

suddenly cried out,--



"Here she is ahead of us now! We have overtaken her, instead of waiting

for her to catch us!"



And, true enough, we were gradually approaching a small brownish mass,

feebly illuminated on its outer half by the sun, and more faintly still

on its inner half by reflected light from Mars.



And how shall I describe that queer little toy-world which we were

gradually overtaking? Imagine, if you can, a little island, less than a

third the size of the Isle of Wight, tossed a few thousand miles into

space, and circling there rapidly to avoid falling back upon the greater

sphere. Imagine that flying island devoid of soil, of trees or

vegetation, of water or air, of everything but barren, uncrumbled,

homogeneous rock, and you have some idea of the unadorned desolation of

Phobos, into which we were slowly sailing, or falling. There was not

even the slightest trace of sand or scraps of rock, such as time must

have abraded from even the hardest surfaces, but the reason for this

soon became apparent.



The doctor feared steering directly against her as we approached, lest

we should land with a crash. We had already reached her and were

travelling along her inner side. Although we were very near her, she

seemed to have very little attraction for us. Then he turned very much

closer, but as soon as the influence of the rudder was released, we

seemed to leave her instead of falling upon her as we expected. We were

still travelling faster than she was, and had we steered directly

against her, we would have crashed and bumped against her protuberances.

Still there seemed to be no other way to make a landing. In order to

estimate the amount of such a shock, the doctor calculated, from the

best information he had of her size and a guess at her density, that she

would attract the projectile and its entire load with a force of only

two pounds. That was not enough to cause any very great shock, and he

decided to take chances at once, before we had entirely passed her. He

turned the rudder hard over toward the satellite, and we came against

her with scarcely any crash, but with a bumping and grating that

continued until the rudder was eased back. Then, to our great surprise,

we did not remain on the surface, but rose from it and sailed inward

towards Mars.



"Something wrong here!" exclaimed the doctor. "She has no attraction for

us."



"Well, how do you explain this?" I asked. "You say the whole projectile

weighs only two pounds toward Phobos, when, just a short time ago, I

weighed nearly eight pounds myself on the scales."



"True enough!" he cried; "the gravity of Mars must be dominant." He

began figuring rapidly, and then exclaimed: "We weigh one hundred and

thirty pounds toward Mars, and only two pounds toward the satellite.

Small wonder that we could not make a landing, with Mars pulling us away

sixty-five times harder than Phobos attracted us! But this is very

strange! I remember no mention of this in any of the astronomical

writings, and it is as easily calculable on Earth as it is here.

Moreover, this must cause everything that is loose upon Phobos to fall

upon Mars. The great planet is tugging at everything the satellite has

with a force sixty-five times stronger than her own!"



"Now, I am afraid those figures won't do, Doctor," I put in. "For, if

what you say is true, what prevents the whole satellite from tumbling

into Mars at once?"



"She would do so were it not for centrifugal force. The speed with which

she whirls around the planet must just balance the force with which he

attracts her, and thus she is kept in her orbit. But stones and loose

things on this side of her centre are attracted more strongly by Mars

than they are repelled by the whirling, so they must all have fallen to

the planet. That is why the surface was perfectly barren. If Phobos

always keeps the same side turned toward Mars, there may be rocks and

soil on the outer side, and we could land there with a positive current;

but we could not see the great planet, as I had hoped."



"I have had quite enough of this moon-chasing," I said; "let us be off

for the large game at once!" and the doctor agreeing, we turned directly

toward Mars.



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